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The function of each layer will be discussed in more detail later. The upper layer is called the emitter, the middle layer is called the base, and the lower layer is called the collector. BJTs are made of three layers of semiconductor material, each capable of carrying a current. Transistors that use both electrons and holes as charge carriers are known as Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT). The flow of current through transistors of NPN type is through the output to input, transistors of PNP type, the flow of current through the input to the output. The main difference between the two types of transistors is the direction of the current flow. PNP transistors are made of materials like Germanium. NPN transistors are made of semiconductor materials like Silicon. Transistors are of two types, NPN and PNP, which are made of different materials. The transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic devices and is ubiquitous in modern electronic systems.

A charge or electricity current when applied to one of the pairs of the transistor’s terminals changes the current of the other terminals, due to the output power being higher than the input power, a transistor can boost the signal. A semiconductor material is used with a minimum of three terminals for connecting to an external circuit. What Are Transistors?Ī transistor is a device with properties of a semiconductor used to boost or change electronic signals & power. We will look at the construction and operation of BJTs, and we will also explore some of their applications. They are made of semiconductor material of p-type and semiconductor material of n-type, which are connected by a metal base. BJTs are two-terminal semiconductor devices that are used to amplify or switch electronic signals.

In this article, we will discuss the bipolar junction transistor (BJT).

The basic difference between the two types of the transistor is that in NPN transistors, the three terminals are connected to the semiconductor material of n-type whereas, in a PNP transistor, the three terminals are connected to the semiconductor material of p-type. The transistor is the most important active electronic device which is used in almost all electronic circuits either as an amplifier or as a switch.